We were discussing meaning and importance of shear force and bending moment and also some basic concepts of strength of materials
in our recent posts. Today we will see here the types of beams in strength of
materials with the help of this post.
Types of beams
First we must have to understand here the meaning
and definition of a beam and after that we will see here the various types of
beams with the help of this post.Â
A beam is basically defined as one structural member used to bear the different loads. In structure, beam helps to bear the load and we must have to note it here that there will not be any structure without beams and therefore we must have to understand the various types of beams in strength of materials.
A beam is basically defined as one structural member used to bear the different loads. In structure, beam helps to bear the load and we must have to note it here that there will not be any structure without beams and therefore we must have to understand the various types of beams in strength of materials.
Beam is usually subjected with vertical load, shear
load and also sometimes with horizontal load. We must have to note it here that
cross section of a beam will be quite smaller as compared to its length.
Let us see here the various types of beams in strength of materials according to the types of supports
Simply supported beam
Simply supported beam is basically defined as a beam
which is resting or supported freely on the supports at its both ends.
Following figure displayed here indicates the simply supported beam AB and
which is having length L.
As we can see here that both ends of beam is
supported freely on the supports A and B respectively.
Cantilever beam
Cantilever beam is basically defined as a beam where
one end of beam will be fixed and other end of beam will be free. Following
figure, displayed here, indicates the cantilever beam AB with length L.
As we can see here that beam AB is fixed at one end i.e.
at end A and free at other end i.e. at end B and therefore above beam will be
termed as cantilever beam.
Fixed beam
Fixed beam is basically defined as a beam where both
ends of beam will be fixed or built in wall. Such type of beam will also be
called as encastred beam or built-in beam. There will not be any rotation or
moment in such type of beams. There will also no vertical movement in such type
of beams.
Following figure, displayed here, indicates the
fixed beam AB with length L.
As we can see here that beam AB is fixed at its both
ends i.e. one end is fixed at end A and other end is also fixed at end B and
therefore above beam will be termed as fixed beam because both ends of this
beam are fixed here.
Overhanging beam
Overhanging beam is basically defined as a beam
where end portion of beam is extended beyond the supports. In such types of
beams, one end or also both ends of the beam might be extended beyond the
supports.
Overhanging beam could also be considered as the combination
of simply supported beam and cantilever beam and therefore such type of beam
will have heritage characteristics of simply supported beam and cantilever
beam.
As we can see here that beam AB with length L is
supported at two ends i.e. at end A and at end C or we can also say that beam
is supported up to a length of X but Y portion of the beam is hanging and such
type of beam will be termed as overhanging beam.
Continuous beam
Continuous beam is basically defined as the beam
where more than two supports will be used and therefore we can also say that
continuous beam is very similar with simply supported beam except one variation
that here in case of continuous beam, there will be more than two supports and
we have also displayed here in following figure for easy understanding of
continuous beam.
Let us see here the various types of beams in strength of materials according to cross-section
I-Beam: I cross section
T-Beam: T cross section
H-Beam: H cross section
Let us see here the various types of beams in strength of materials according to geometry of the beam
Straight beam: Such beam will have straight profile
Curved beam: Such beam will have curved profile
Tapered beam: Such beam will have tapered cross-section
Let us see here the various types of beams in strength of materials according to equilibrium condition
Statically determinate beam: could be analyzed with
the basic equations of equilibrium
Statically interdeterminate beam: could not be analyzed with
the basic equations of equilibrium
Do you have any suggestions? Please write in comment
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Reference:
Strength of material, By R. K. Bansal
Image Courtesy: Google
We will see another important topic i.e. Different types of loads in strength of material  in the category of strength of material in our next post.
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